Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and ephrin ligand (EFN)–receptor (EPH) signaling are both crucial for bone cell function and skeletal development and maintenance. IGF1 signaling is the major mediator of growth hormone-induced bone growth, but a …
Thyroid hormone (TH) is an established regulator of skeletal growth and maintenance both in clinical studies and in laboratory models. The clinical consequences of altered thyroid status on the skeleton during development and in adulthood are well …
The growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF) axis is critically important for the regulation of bone formation, and deficiencies in this system have been shown to contribute to the development of osteoporosis and other diseases of low bone …