Research Article

Vitamin C effects on 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and gene expression in osteoblasts and chondrocytes: Potential involvement of PHD2

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid, AA) is a well-known regulator of bone and cartilage metabolism. However, the mechanisms of AA's action in these tissues are only partly understood. In this study, we confirmed that AA contributes to bone and cartilage …

Skeletal effects of nongenomic thyroid hormone receptor beta signaling

Thyroid hormone (TH) levels increase rapidly during the prepubertal growth period in mice, and this change is necessary for endochondral ossification of the epiphyses. This effect of TH on epiphyseal chondrocyte hypertrophy is mediated via TRβ1. In …

Novel Role for Claudin-11 in the Regulation of Osteoblasts via Modulation of ADAM10-mediated Notch Signaling

The claudin (Cldn) family comprises 27 members of 20-34 kDa transmembrane tight junction proteins. In addition to their established canonical role as barriers controlling paracellular flow of molecules, a distinct non-canonical role for Cldns as …

Cortical and trabecular bone are equally affected in rats with renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism

**BACKGROUND**: Changes in mineral metabolism and bone structure develop early in the course of chronic kidney disease and at end-stage are associated with increased risk of fragility fractures. The disruption of phosphorus homeostasis leads to …

Thyroid hormone acting via TRβ induces expression of browning genes in mouse bone marrow adipose tissue

**PURPOSE**: Mutant hypothyroid mouse models have recently shown that thyroid hormone is critical for skeletal development during an important prepubertal growth period. Additionally, thyroid hormone negatively regulates total body fat, consistent …